Lead-carbon battery is a new type of super battery, which is a combination of lead-acid battery and supercapacitor: it not only exerts the advantages of supercapacitor instant high-capacity charging, but also exerts the specific energy advantage of lead-acid battery, and has a very high capacity.
Good charge-discharge performance - it can be fully charged in 90 minutes (if the lead-acid battery is charged and discharged like this, the lifespan is less than 30 times).
Moreover, due to the addition of carbon (graphene), the phenomenon of sulfation of the negative electrode is prevented, which improves a factor of battery failure in the past, and prolongs the battery life.
Lead-carbon battery is a mixture of asymmetric supercapacitor and lead-acid battery in internal parallel mode.
As a new type of super battery, lead-carbon battery is a fusion of lead-acid battery and supercapacitor technology.
A dual-function energy storage battery with both capacitive and battery characteristics.
Therefore, it not only takes advantage of the advantages of instantaneous power and large-capacity charging of supercapacitors, but also takes advantage of the energy advantages of lead-acid batteries, which can be fully charged in one hour.
Has good charge and discharge performance.
Due to the use of lead-carbon technology, the performance of lead-carbon batteries is far superior to traditional lead-acid batteries, and can be used in new energy vehicles, such as hybrid vehicles, electric bicycles and other fields; it can also be used in the field of new energy storage, Such as wind power generation and energy storage.
Lead-carbon batteries have a low price advantage similar to traditional lead-acid batteries and a mature industrial manufacturing base, and have strong competitive advantages in various application fields.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of lead-carbon batteries compared to lithium batteries
This hybrid technology can quickly output and input electric charge during vehicle acceleration and braking, and is especially suitable for the "stop-start" system of micro-hybrid vehicles.
The lead-carbon battery can improve the power of the original lead-acid battery and prolong the service life.
characteristic:
Technical advantages
Lead-carbon battery is an innovative technology of lead-acid battery, which has many advantages compared with lead-acid battery;
Lead-carbon batteries have the following advantages:
One is fast charging, which increases the charging speed by 8 times; the second is that the discharge power is increased by 3 times; the third is that the cycle life is increased to 6 times, and the number of cycles of charging is up to 2000 times; the fourth is cost-effective, which is lower than the price of lead-acid batteries.
Improve, but the cycle life is greatly improved; Fifth, the use of safe and stable, can be widely used in various new energy and energy-saving fields.
In addition, lead-carbon batteries also take advantage of the specific energy advantages of lead-acid batteries, and have very good charge-discharge performance - they can be fully charged in 90 minutes (if lead-acid batteries are charged and discharged like this, their lifespan is less than 30 times).
Moreover, due to the addition of carbon (graphene), the phenomenon of sulfation of the negative electrode is prevented, and a factor of battery failure is improved.LiFePO4 Battery Cell
1.
The positive and negative lead paste adopts a unique formula and optimized curing process.
The positive active material has strong softening resistance, good deep cycle life and high utilization rate of active materials; the negative lead paste has strong anti-sulfurization ability, low capacity decay rate, and good low temperature start-up performance.
2.
The positive grid adopts new special alloy and reasonable structure design, which has good corrosion resistance, reasonable current distribution, close combination with active materials, high current performance and strong charging acceptance.
3.
Using new electrolyte additives, the overpotential of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution of the battery is high, and the battery is not easy to lose water
4.
When the battery is charged and discharged with frequent instantaneous high current, the carbon material with capacitive characteristics releases or receives current, which inhibits the "negative sulfation" of the lead-acid battery and effectively prolongs the service life of the battery;
5.
When the battery is working with a small current for a long time, the sponge lead negative electrode is mainly used to continuously provide energy;
6.
The intervention of the high carbon content of the lead-carbon super composite electrode enables the electrode to have better low-temperature start-up capability, charge acceptance capability and high-current charge-discharge performance than traditional lead-acid batteries.
In terms of performance, lead-carbon batteries have both the characteristics of lead-acid batteries and capacitors.
The addition of activated carbon improves the power density of the battery and prolongs the cycle life.
At the same time, because the activated carbon occupies part of the electrode space, the energy density is reduced, and the gas evolution of the electrode may also be increased.
In terms of technology, the addition of activated carbon increases the difficulty of sizing and pole piece coating.
In general, lead-carbon batteries have better performance than ordinary lead-acid batteries.
They are an advanced lead-acid battery and the mainstream direction of lead-acid battery technology development.
Lead-carbon batteries are the leading technology in the field of lead-acid batteries and the development focus of the international new energy energy storage industry, with very broad application prospects.
Energy storage battery technology is one of the key technologies restricting the development of new energy energy storage industry.
In energy storage fields such as photovoltaic power station energy storage, wind power energy storage and grid peak shaving, batteries are required to have the characteristics of high power density, long cycle life and low price.Lithium Battery Pack
"Lithium battery" is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
In 1912, the lithium metal battery was first proposed and studied by Gilbert N.
Lewis.
In the 1970s, M.
S.
Whittingham proposed and began to study lithium-ion batteries.
Due to the very active chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements.
Therefore, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time.
With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become the mainstream.
Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries.
Lithium-ion batteries do not contain lithium in the metallic state and are rechargeable.
The fifth generation of rechargeable batteries, lithium metal batteries, was born in 1996, and its safety, specific capacity, self-discharge rate and performance-price ratio are better than lithium-ion batteries.
Due to its own high technical requirements, only companies in a few countries are now producing such lithium metal batteries.
working principle
Lithium Metal Batteries:
Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the positive electrode material, metal lithium or its alloy metal as the negative electrode material, and use a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
battery structure
Lithium batteries usually come in two shapes: cylindrical and square.
The interior of the battery adopts a spiral wound structure, which is formed by a very fine and highly permeable polyethylene film separator material separated between the positive and negative electrodes.
The positive electrode includes a current collector composed of lithium cobalt oxide (or nickel cobalt lithium manganate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, etc.) and aluminum foil.
The negative electrode consists of a current collector composed of graphitized carbon material and copper foil.
The battery is filled with an organic electrolyte solution.
In addition, a safety valve and a PTC element (part of the cylindrical type) are installed to protect the battery from damage when the battery is in an abnormal state and the output is short-circuited.
The voltage of a single-cell lithium battery is 3.
7V (the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate is 3.
2V), and the battery capacity cannot be infinite.
Therefore, single-cell lithium batteries are often processed in series and parallel to meet the requirements of different occasions.
cause of explosion
1.
The internal polarization is large;
2.
The pole piece absorbs water and reacts with the electrolyte;
3.
The quality and performance of the electrolyte itself;
4.
The injection volume cannot meet the process requirements during injection;
5.
The laser welding sealing performance is poor in the assembly process, and the air leaks when the air leak is detected;
6.
Dust and pole piece dust are easy to cause micro-short circuit first;
7.
The positive and negative plates are thicker than the process range, and it is difficult to enter the shell;
8.
The problem of liquid injection and sealing, the poor sealing performance of steel balls leads to air bulging;
9.
The incoming shell material has a thick shell wall, and the shell deformation affects the thickness;
10.
The high ambient temperature outside is also the main reason for the explosion.
Lead-carbon batteries have the following characteristics:
1.
The lead-carbon battery has a discharge depth of 60% and can be recycled for more than 3,000 times (the test has not been terminated).
2.
The lead-carbon battery is in partial state of charge (PSoC), which can inhibit the production of negative electrode sulfate, and the battery will not fail due to insufficient charging.
(Sulfate crystallization in the negative electrode is one of the reasons for the failure of ordinary VRLA batteries.)
3.
The lead-carbon battery has a wide operating temperature range: -23°C to 60°C.
4.
Carbon element is added to lead-carbon battery, and carbon has good thermal conductivity, so lead-carbon battery is suitable for high temperature work.
5.
The low-temperature discharge performance of lead-carbon batteries is higher than that of traditional lead-acid batteries.
The discharge capacity of traditional lead-acid batteries at -20°C is only 50%, and the discharge capacity of lead-carbon batteries can reach 66% at the same temperature.
6.
Traditional lead-acid batteries* can only be charged at 0.
2C (standard charging is 0.
1C).
Lead-carbon batteries can be charged at *0.
6C (standard charging is 0.
3C), and the charging current is 3 times that of traditional lead-acid batteries, which can greatly shorten the charging time, especially suitable for solar systems with unstable charging.
7.
Most of the lead-carbon batteries are front terminal batteries or horizontal batteries.
The batteries are wired in the front, which is convenient for maintenance.
There is no maintenance space between the battery layers, which can save a lot of installation area.
The main advantages of lithium batteries:
Disadvantages of lithium batteries:
Lithium batteries have poor safety and there is a danger of explosion.
Lithium batteries made of lithium cobalt oxide materials cannot be discharged at large currents and have poor safety.
Lithium batteries need to protect the circuit to prevent the battery from being overcharged and overdischarged.More details